Vitamins are the organic compounds required for the body in tiny amounts. Any molecule that contains carbon is an organic compound.
Vitamins are water soluble as they get dissolved in water and fat-soluble as they get dissolved in fat. Humans have four fat-soluble elements and nine water-soluble elements. Water-soluble elements are to be consumed regularly as they are not stored and easily eliminated. All the fat-soluble elements are absorbed through the intestine with the help of lipids.
There are a list of vitamins and their roles like
• Vitamin A has its chemical names known as retinol and retinoid which is fat soluble. Lack of vitamin A causes night blindness and an excess amount of A vitamin causes degeneration of cornea.
• Vitamin B owns a chemical name Thiamine and it is water soluble
• Vitamin B2 is also called riboflavin and it is water soluble. An excess amount of B2 is excreted in urine and lack of B2 causes vascularisation of the cornea.
• Vitamin B3 has chemical name niacin and it is soluble in water
• Vitamin B5 is called as pantothenic acid and it is water soluble and lack of B5 causes paresthesia
• Biotin is a chemical name of Vitamin B7 and it is water soluble and deficiency of this causes dermatitis.
• Vitamin B9 has a chemical name as folinic acid which is soluble in water and lack of B9 causes birth defects
• Vitamin B12 is called cyanocobalamin as a chemical name and it is water soluble. Lack of B12 causes a defect in the production of red blood cells and The overdose of it is yet not reported
• Vitamin C has a chemical name called ascorbic acid which is water soluble and its deficiency leads to a large number of complications and excess of it leads to diarrhoea, skin irritation and burning sensation during urination.
• Vitamin D has a chemical name called ergocalciferol which is fat soluble the deficiency of its risks in cancer and other chronic diseases whereas lack of it causes headache, weakness and disturbed digestion
• Vitamin E is chemically named as tocotrienols and it is fat soluble and lack of it very rarely causes anaemia in newborn babies and an excess amount of it causes vomiting and dehydration
• Vitamin K is fat soluble and chemically named as menaquinones and the deficiency of it causes bleeding and excess of it causes warfarin.
So from the above details, we get to see most of the food items contains both positives and negatives and we require all the nutrients in a sufficient amount to live a healthy life
